Cmd Hacking Pdf
- Here is the list of all Windows CMD commands sorted alphabetically along with exclusive CMD commands pdf file for future reference for both pro and newbies. Command Prompt and CMD Commands are unknown territories for most of the Windows users, they only know it as a black screen for troubleshooting the system with some fancy commands.
- The above list is not exhaustive; it gives you an idea of the tools available for Ubuntu hacking and hacking Linux systems. How to prevent Linux hacks. Linux Hacking takes advantage of the vulnerabilities in the operating system. An organization can adopt the following policy to protect itself against such attacks.
- MS SQL Server is a client-server architecture. MS SQL Server process starts with the client application sending a request. The SQL Server accepts, processes and replies to the request with processed d.
Execute Malware with PDF. A launch action launches an application or opens or prints a document. We can use one of the many Adobe Acrobat exploits in the Metasploit framework to embed an exe with PDF. Cmd will be opened by using the above launch action. At some point in their computer usage, almost everyone uses this cmd. CMD commands are now standard day after day due to their uses. The Internet has a few cmd tricks and hacks, but today I’m going to tell you about the awesome cmd commands tricks to animate matrice & star wars. The list is quite large, so I can’t write all CMD commands here. Also Read: 10 Best CMD Commands Used In Hacking Steps to Uninstall a Program using Command Prompt in Windows 10. In this article, we will share a detailed guide on how to uninstalls apps you no longer use straight from the Windows 10 command prompt.
PDF files have become very common in everyday work. It’s hard to imagine business proposals without PDFs. The PDF format is used in almost all companies to share business deals, company brochures, and even invitations.
Previous years were not good for PDF users, as several vulnerabilities were published, such as buffer overflow vulnerability in versions prior to version 9. A lot of the attacks were observed trying to abuse the bug by using social engineering or by hosting malicious PDF files on the Internet. Just the simple act of opening the PDF file could exploit a vulnerability to automatically download malicious code from the internet, and display a decoy PDF file to trick you into believing that nothing wrong has happened.
Percentage of attacks in previous years
Malicious PDF files are frequently used as part of targeted and mass-scale computer attacks for these reasons. It’s good to know how to analyze PDF files, but analysts first need a basic understanding of a PDF before they deem it malicious. Here is the information you’ll need to know.
PDF Structure
The PDF has ability to deliver rich contents (static and dynamic) . Combined, these elements can deliver a visually appealing, interactive, and portable document. While we have all benefited from this feature-rich information-sharing venue, there exists a darker side. The dynamic PDF capabilities mentioned above can and have been used to house malicious content. In previous years, cybercriminals embedded malicious script to install malware and steal user credentials.
Normally, the PDF malware’s malicious behavior is in a script that is embedded In PDF files. The scripts that are responsible for malicious behavior can be written in a scripting language that PDF supports. JavaScript is the most popular for this purpose. In most cases, the embedded scripts are responsible for dropper functionality, or else there is a need to install an OS-based malware on the victim’s system.
PDF Document Structure
The general structure of a PDF file is composed of the following code components:
- Boolean values, representing true or false
- Numbers
- Strings
- Names
- Arrays, ordered collections of objects
- Dictionaries, collections of objects indexed by names
- Streams, usually containing large amounts of data
- The null object
PDF Document Structure
Execute Malware with PDF
A launch action launches an application or opens or prints a document. We can use one of the many Adobe Acrobat exploits in the Metasploit framework to embed an exe with PDF.
cmd will be opened by using the above launch action.
We can embed the malware in our PDF by using JavaScript because JavaScript commonly uses heap spray to exploit.
When we open any malicious PDF file, it will execute the JavaScript and it exploits the JavaScript; after that, the shell code is processed and a Trojan will be executed from the Internet.
Create a Malicious PDF File with Metasploit
We are going to be using the Adobe Reader “util.printf()” JavaScript function stack buffer overflow vulnerability to create a malicious PDF file. Adobe Reader is prone to a stack-based buffer-overflow vulnerability.
The steps for creating our malicious PDF file are as follows:
Open msfconsole and execute the following command.
Once we have all the options set the way we want, we run “exploit” to create our malicious file.
We can see that our PDF file was created. You can access this PDF by using the given path. If no files are visible, press CTRL and H together to find hidden files and folders.
Before we send the malicious file to our victim, we need to set up a listener to capture this reverse connection.
As the victim opens the malicious file, the session with the victim has been established and we can access the victim’s system by using meterpreter.
Methods of Analyzing Malicious PDF file
Analyzing a PDF file involves examining, decoding, and extracting the contents of suspicious PDF objects that may be used to exploit a vulnerability in Adobe Reader and execute a malicious payload. There is an increasing number of tools that are designed to assist with this process. Mainly, analysis of PDF can be done in two ways: online and offline.
Online PDF Analyzers
Every time you feel a file is suspicious or you receive a file from an untrusted source, it’s recommended that you scan it with one of the following online services before you open it. Online PDF analyzers makes our work easier. We just have to submit the malicious PDF file and the online analyzer starts scanning the uploaded PDF for several known exploits.
Wepawet
Wepawet is a service for detecting and analyzing web-based malware. It currently handles Flash, JavaScript, and PDF files. To use Wepawet, just go to http://wepawet.iseclab.org. Upload a sample or specify a URL and the resource will be analyzed and a report will be generated.
PDF Examiner
PDF Examiner by Malware Tracker is able to scan the uploaded PDF for several known exploits and it allows the user to explore the structure of the file, as well as examining, decoding, and dumping PDF object contents. This tool lends itself well to manual PDF analysis tasks. Go to www.malwaretracker.com. Press the tab of +Pdf examiner scan tab and select the PDF to scan.
Jsunpack
It is designed for automatically examining and deobfuscating JavaScript. Its features also include carving contents of network packet capture (PCAP) files and identifying common client-side exploits. It can also examine PDF files for malicious JavaScript artifacts. Go to jsunpack.jeek.org.
Offline PDF Analyzer
If we have to examine the PDF manually, then the following are the tools to be used.
PDF Stream Dumper
After installing PDF Stream Dumper, load the suspicious PDF file and start looking around. You can see different colors on the right side, where the red color shows headers with JavaScript tags.
The tool includes a number of signatures of known PDF exploits. To scan the file, select “Exploits Scan” from the menu by pressing. Our malicious PDF shows that it contains an exploit of CVE- 2008-2992.
We are now reasonably certain that we’re dealing with a malicious PDF file that exploits the CVE-2008-2992 vulnerability in Acrobat Reader to extract and run a malicious executable embedded in the PDF.
We can get the more information about the exploit by visiting cvedetails.com and entering the CVE number of the exploit.
Peepdf
Peepdf is a Python tool to explore PDF files in order to find out if the file can be harmful or not. The aim of this tool is provide all the necessary components that a security researcher could need in a PDF analysis without using three or four tools to perform all the tasks.
Here maliciouspdf.pdf is the PDF file we want to analyze.
If there are some objects with Java script code in PDF content, we can use the JS commands to analyze them. We can clearly see from the above screenshot that object No. 5 is JavaScript, for which PyV8 is required.
After analyzing the JavaScript code of the object, we can get the URL of the exe which is bound to the PDF.
Origami
Origami is a Ruby framework designed to parse, analyze, and forge PDF documents. It can be used to create on-the-fly customized PDFs, or to inject (evil) code into already existing documents.
Pdfid
Pdfid is a utility that can extract useful information from a PDF file. Specifically, pdfid extracts header information from the PDF such as Java Script, obj, endobj, stream and other information. Some PDF exploits alter this information, so pdfid can sometimes show the user what exactly is going on inside of the PDF.
Protection
- Enable automatic updates.
- Always install the latest patch/update, even for older Adobe product versions.
- Uncheck “Allow non-PDF file attachments with external applications” to prevent launch action vulnerability.
- Use PDF alternatives such as Foxit, Sumatra, PDF XChange.
Conclusion
Several vulnerabilities were found in previous years and it keeps increasing day by day, so it’s important to analyze any PDF before opening it because just the simple act of opening the PDF file could exploit a vulnerability to automatically download malicious code from the Internet. We can analyze any PDF by using online approach or offline approach. For the protection we have to use the alternative PDF reader and always install the update or patch of PDF reader.
Reference
- www.slideshare.net/null0x00/client-side-exploits-using-pdf
- blog.zeltser.com/post/3235995383/pdf-stream-dumper-malicious-file-analysis
- www.infosec.gov.hk/sc_chi/promotion/files/20100311_04.pdf
- code.google.com/p/peepdf/
- code.google.com/p/origami-pdf
Linux is the most widely used server operating system, especially for web servers. It is open source; this means anybody can have access to the source code. This makes it less secure compared to other operating systems as attackers can study the source code to find vulnerabilities. Linux for Hackers is about exploiting these vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to a system.
In this article, we will introduce you to what Linux is, its security vulnerabilities, hacking with Ubuntu and the counter measures you can put in place.
Topics covered in this tutorial
Quick Note on Linux
Linux is an open source operating system. There are many distributions of Linux-based operating systems such as Redhat, Fedora, and Ubuntu, etc. Unlike other operating system, Linux is less secure when it comes to security. This is because the source code is available freely, so it is easy to study it for vulnerabilities and exploit them compared to other operating systems that are not open source. Linux can be used as a server, desktop, tablet, or mobile device operating system.
Linux programs can be operated using either GUI or commands. The Linux commands for Kali Linux hacking are more effective and efficient compared to using the GUI. For this reason, it helps to know basic Linux commands for hacking.
Refer to these tutorials https://www.guru99.com/unix-linux-tutorial.html on how to get started with Kali Linux hacks.
Linux Hacking Tools
- Nessus– this tool can be used for Ubuntu hack, scan configuration settings, patches, and networks etc. it can be found at https://www.tenable.com/products/nessus
- NMap. This tool can be used to monitor hosts that are running on the server and the services that they are utilizing. It can also be used to scan for ports. It can be found at https://nmap.org/
- SARA – SARA is the acronym for Security Auditor’s Research Assistant. As the name implies, this tool can be used to audit networks against threats such as SQL Injection, XSS etc. it can be found at http://www-arc.com/sara/sara.html
The above list is not exhaustive; it gives you an idea of the tools available for Ubuntu hacking and hacking Linux systems.
How to prevent Linux hacks
Linux Hacking takes advantage of the vulnerabilities in the operating system. An organization can adopt the following policy to protect itself against such attacks.
- Patch management– patches fix bugs that attackers exploit to compromise a system. A good patch management policy will ensure that you constantly apply relevant patches to your system.
- Proper OS configuration– other exploits take advantage of the weaknesses in the configuration of the server. Inactive user names and daemons should be disabled. Default settings such as common passwords to application, default user names and some port numbers should be changed.
- Intrusion Detection System– such tools can be used to detect unauthorized access to the system. Some tools have the ability to detect and prevent such attacks.
Hacking Activity: Hack a Ubuntu Linux System using PHP
In this practical scenario, we will learn how to hack with Ubuntu and we will provide you with basic information on how you can use PHP to compromise a Linux. We are not going to target any victim. If you want to try it out, you can install LAMPP on your local machine.
PHP comes with two functions that can be used to execute Linux hacking commands. It has exec() and shell_exec() functions. The function exec() returns the last line of the command output while the shell_exec() returns the whole result of the command as a string.
For demonstration purposes, let’s assume the attacker managers to upload the following file on a web server.
HERE,
The above script gets the command from the GET variable named cmd. The command is executed using shell_exec() and the results returned in the browser.
The above code can be exploited using the following URL
Cmd Hacking Pdf
http://localhost/cp/konsole.php?cmd=ls%20-l
HERE,
- “…konsole.php?cmd=ls%20-l”assigns the value ls –l to the variable cmd.
The command in Ubuntu for hacking against the server will be executed as
Executing the above code on a web server gives results similar to the following.
The above command simply displays the files in the current directory and the permissions
Let’s suppose the attacker passes the following command
Cmd Hacking Codes Pdf Download
HERE,
- “rm” removes the files
- “rf” makes the rm command run in a recursive mode. Deleting all the folders and files
- “/” instructs the command to start deleting files from the root directory
The attack URL would look something like this
http://localhost/cp/konsole.php?cmd=rm%20-rf%20/
Summary
Cmd Wifi Hack Pdf
- Linux is a popular operating system for servers, desktops, tablets and mobile devices.
- Linux is open source, and the source code can be obtained by anyone. This makes it easy to spot the vulnerabilities. It is one of the best OS for hackers.
- Basic and networking hacking commands in Ubuntu are valuable to Linux hackers.
- Vulnerabilities are a weakness that can be exploited to compromise a system.
- A good security can help to protect a system from been compromised by an attacker.